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  Compression Spring, also known as a compression coil, is the most common type of spring. It is primarily used to withstand axial compressive forces. When compressed by an external load, the spring deforms elastically and stores mechanical energy. Once the load is removed, the spring returns to its original shape and releases the stored energy.

  Compression springs are widely used in various industries such as automotive, electronics, industrial machinery, household appliances, and medical devices. Typical applications include suspension systems, switches, valves, and battery contact terminals.

  A spring is a mechanical component that stores and releases energy through material elasticity and deformation. Springs are widely used across various industries, including automotive, electronics, machinery, home appliances, and medical equipment. Common types include compression springs, extension springs, torsion springs, wire form springs, and disc springs.

  A spring manufacturer specializes in the research, design, and production of various types of springs. We are committed to delivering high-quality, high-precision products that meet international standards. Equipped with advanced automated manufacturing systems and testing instruments, we offer customized solutions tailored to client needs — from small-batch prototypes to high-volume production.

Core Strengths:

1. Complete in-house production capabilities: including wire selection, forming, heat treatment, surface finishing, and quality inspection

2. Customized design service: development based on drawings or samples with rapid turnaround

3. Certified quality assurance: products comply with international standards such as RoHS, REACH, ISO 9001, and IATF 16949

Typical Product Applications:

1. Automotive, bicycle, and motorcycle hardware components

2. Electronic hardware parts: including office equipment, scanners, laptops, and computer peripherals

3. Industrial spring hardware: such as hydraulic springs, magazine springs, oil seal springs, and die springs

4. Consumer products: including springs for household appliances, electronics, and toys

5. Retaining components: including snap rings, circlips, E-rings, R-clips, S-clips, internal retaining rings, and spring pins

Spring Pin – C-Type Spring Pin Overview

The C-Type Spring Pin is an elastic positioning pin featuring a longitudinal slot and a cross-sectional shape resembling the letter "C". It is typically made from high carbon steel or stainless steel and heat-treated to ensure excellent elasticity and shear strength. C-type spring pins are widely used for joining or positioning components in machinery, automotive systems, tools, and electronic devices.

Key Features:

1. C-shaped cross-section: Provides consistent radial pressure for secure retention in mounting holes.

2. High elasticity: Capable of absorbing vibration and shock, protecting surrounding components.

3. Easy installation and removal: No threads or special tools required; can be press-fitted into place.

Functions and Uses:

1. Connects two or more parts while providing secure positioning and shear resistance.

2. Acts as a safety positioning element to prevent parts from loosening or falling out.

3. Suitable for small to medium-sized holes, especially where space is limited or quick maintenance is required.

Common Applications:

• Automotive components

• Small machinery

• Household appliances

• Tool handles and linkages

Specifications:

1. Material: Carbon steel (e.g., EN 10270-1, S50C, SAE1060–SAE1090), stainless steel (e.g., SUS304, SUS301, SUS420)

2. Surface treatment: Black oxide, zinc plating, electroless nickel plating, etc.

3. Size range: Typically from Ø1.5 mm to Ø12 mm

A torsion spring is a type of spring that generates torque when force is applied. It is commonly used in mechanisms that require rotational force or angular return, such as clamps, door hinges, automotive components, and electronic devices.

The surface is treated with white zinc plating, which not only enhances corrosion resistance and extends the product’s service life but also improves its overall appearance.

Key Features:

1. Provides stable and consistent torque output

2. White zinc plating offers excellent rust and corrosion resistance, suitable for outdoor or humid environments

3. Customizable in terms of angle, torque, dimensions, and leg configuration to meet customer requirements

  Compression Springs are the most common type of mechanical springs. Their primary function is to store energy and generate a return force when subjected to compression. They are widely used in automotive systems, industrial equipment, electronic devices, and medical instruments, serving as components for cushioning, shock absorption, support, or return motion.

1. Straight Compression Springs:The most basic type, with uniform wire and outer diameter.Suitable for general linear load applications.

2. Conical Compression Springs:Cone-shaped springs offering excellent stability and self-centering capabilities.

Ideal for space-limited or nested applications.

3. Barrel (Convex) Compression Springs:Wider in the middle and narrower at both ends.Helps reduce lateral deflection and wear, commonly used in high-vibration equipment.

4. Hourglass (Concave) Compression Springs:Narrow in the center and wider at the ends.Well-suited for applications requiring centralized guidance.

5. Variable Pitch Compression Springs:Designed with uneven coil spacing.Provides a non-linear force response, customizable for progressive load requirements.

6. Wave Springs: Made from flat wire formed in a wave pattern.Compact design delivers high force in applications with limited axial space.

  We are a professional spring manufacturer specializing in the design and production of custom springs.
Our product range includes compression springs, extension springs, torsion springs, wire forms, and specialty springs, widely used across various industries such as automotive, electronics, machinery, and medical devices.

Our production capabilities include:

1. Precision manufacturing with advanced CNC equipment, including CNC spring forming machines, CNC compression spring machines, CNC extension spring machines, and CNC torsion spring machines to produce a wide variety of metal spring components.

2. State-of-the-art inspection equipment from Japan, such as load testers (compression and torsion), optical projectors, fatigue testing machines, and salt spray testers, ensuring all dimensions meet the highest tolerance standards.

3. Diverse material options: SUS304, SUS316, SUS631, SUS301, music wire, carbon steel wire, oil-tempered wire, phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, Inconel, alloy steel wire, and more.

4. Various surface finishes: white zinc plating, trivalent chromate, black oxide, phosphate coating, passivation, nickel plating, painting, E-coating, tin plating, gold plating, rust preventive oil, Teflon, Dacromet, and other coatings.

5. JS Metal provde OEM/ODM services: We support professional OEM and ODM projects, and are equipped to handle both small-quantity and high-volume production requirements.

6. Strict quality control to ensure dimensional accuracy and consistent performance.
   JS provides high-quality spring solutions with fast lead times and dependable customer service.

Torsion Springs – Function, Structure & Design Considerations

  A torsion spring is a mechanical spring that stores energy through twisting deformation when subjected to rotational torque. It is commonly used in mechanisms requiring rotational force return, such as door hinges, clamps, switches, and automotive components.

Function & Structure:

  A torsion spring consists of helical coils and two legs (spring arms). When the legs are rotated inward or outward, the spring generates torque and a restoring force. Although capable of bi-directional rotation, torsion springs are typically designed to operate in one direction for optimal performance.

Design Considerations:

1. Wire Diameter: Affects the spring’s stiffness and torque capacity.

2. Number of Coils: More coils allow greater angular deflection and flexibility.

3. Leg Length and Angle: Customizable into L-shape, U-shape, Z-shape, or hook form to suit installation space and force direction.

4. Winding Direction: Left-hand or right-hand winding is determined based on the application’s rotational requirements.

5. Material Selection: Choose materials such as SUS304, carbon steel, phosphor bronze, or Inconel based on operating environment (e.g., corrosion, temperature, fatigue).

Types of Torsion Springs:

      1.Single Torsion Spring: Designed for applications requiring torque in a single direction.

      2.Double Torsion Spring: Two springs wound in opposite directions and connected by a central straight section, offering greater or 

         balanced torque output for symmetrical force distribution.

  An internal retaining ring is a mechanical fastener installed in a groove inside a bore or housing. Its primary function is to prevent components from moving axially and to provide stable retention. It is commonly used in bearing housings, bushings, mechanical casings, and various precision assemblies.

Bore Diameter: The retaining ring specification and groove dimensions should be selected according to the actual inner bore size.

Load and Application Conditions:

For light-load or static applications, thin-section retaining rings are suitable.

For heavy-load or high-speed applications, thicker or higher-strength materials should be used.

IR Type: This is the standard internal retaining ring, suitable for most industrial applications.

 A wave spring is a type of compression spring made from flat metal wire formed into a wavy or sinusoidal pattern. It is designed to save axial space while maintaining force requirements. Compared to traditional round-wire compression springs, wave springs can reduce the working height by up to 50%, making them ideal for compact applications requiring precise load control.

Structural Types:

• Single Turn, Multiple Waves:
  Ideal for applications with short travel and limited installation space.

• Multi Turn, Wave Coil:
  Offers longer working deflection and improved load stability.

• Custom Designs:
  Can be tailored to specific requirements including wave count, number of turns, material, and load specifications.

Applications:

• Aerospace and Automotive Industries
  (e.g., bearing preload, transmission assemblies)

• Medical Devices and Electronics
  (compact assemblies with precision force needs)

• Sealing Components
  (e.g., mechanical seal preload elements)

• Industrial Machinery
  (where axial space is limited and controlled motion is needed)

Torsion Spring:

  A torsion spring is a type of spring that undergoes torsional deformation and stores mechanical energy when a rotational force is applied to both ends. Its primary function is to provide a restoring torque when twisted, and it is commonly used in rotary mechanisms such as clamps, door hinges, electrical switches, and automotive components.

Single Torsion Spring:

  A single torsion spring consists of a coiled body and two spring legs. It is mounted on a shaft, and the legs can be deflected in either direction according to application needs.

• Features: Simple structure, compact size, easy installation.

• Applications: Basic rotary mechanisms such as hinges, levers, and foot-operated devices.

Double Torsion Spring:

  A double torsion spring is composed of two single torsion springs wound in opposite directions and connected in the middle by a straight section or angular segment. Both ends deliver balanced or higher torque output.

• Features: Capable of applying torque in both directions, provides higher torque and improved balance, reduces eccentric loading.

• Applications: Bi-directional switches, automotive components, precision mechanisms, and industrial clamps.

  A retaining ring(shaft) is a type of fastening component installed into a groove on the outside of a shaft. Its primary function is to prevent axial movement of components along the shaft. These rings are widely used in various machinery, automotive, electronics, and industrial equipment to secure the position of gears, bearings, pulleys, and other components.

Installed in external shaft grooves: The retaining ring fits tightly into the groove around the shaft, providing a stable and secure hold.

Prevents axial displacement: It prevents adjacent parts from shifting along the shaft due to vibration or rotational forces.

Although springs are relatively simple mechanical components, they play a vital functional role in a wide range of products. From the tiny compression springs in pens to high-precision applications in suspension systems, medical devices, and electronic components, springs are found everywhere.

1. Common Types of Springs:

• Compression Springs: Designed to resist axial compressive forces, commonly used for shock absorption and restoring push force.

• Extension Springs: Designed to resist tensile forces, typically used in hinges, bicycle seats, and tension mechanisms.

• Torsion Springs: Resist twisting or rotational force, widely used in clamps, sliders, and computer mice.

• Wire Forming Springs: Custom-shaped springs formed by wire bending, used for fastening, guiding, and structural support in diverse applications.

• Flat Springs (Spring Clips): Made from flat materials, these springs use curved or flexed geometry to generate precise spring force.

2. Key Considerations When Selecting Springs:

• Application Purpose: Load-bearing, shock absorption, return force, positioning, etc.

• Load and Deflection Requirements: The amount of force and corresponding displacement the spring must support.

• Operating Environment: High temperature, humidity, and corrosive conditions may require corrosion-resistant materials or special surface treatments.

• Material Selection: Common options include carbon steel (e.g., SWC, SWP), stainless steel (e.g., SUS304), aluminum alloys, etc.

• Fatigue Life and Durability: High-cycle applications require materials with excellent fatigue resistance.

• Manufacturing and Surface Finishing: Includes plating (zinc, nickel, chrome), painting, black oxide treatment, phosphate coating, etc., to enhance weather resistance and appearance.

3. Importance of Proper Spring Selection:

Incorrect spring selection can result in product failure, reduced lifespan, or safety hazards. Understanding the basic characteristics and application principles of springs enables designers to create safer, more reliable, and cost-effective solutions.

4. Guidelines for Spring Selection and Design Process:

1. Clearly define the application and design requirements

2. Select the appropriate spring type and mechanical parameters

3. Choose suitable materials and surface treatments

4. Develop technical drawings or prototypes

5. Test and refine the design to meet actual usage needs

1. Spring Material

• Stainless Steel (SUS304, SUS301, SUS316, SUS631): Corrosion-resistant, suitable for outdoor or humid environments.

• Music Wire (SWC): High tensile strength, commonly used for general industrial applications.

• Oil-Tempered Wire (Silicon-Chrome Alloy Steel): Excellent elasticity, fatigue resistance, and wear resistance; ideal for heavy-load springs.

• Phosphor Bronze / Beryllium Copper: Excellent electrical conductivity, suitable for electronic devices.

• Special Alloys (e.g., Inconel, Hastelloy): Suitable for high-temperature and highly corrosive environments.

2. Wire Diameter and Outer Diameter

• Affect spring stiffness and load capacity.

• The thicker the wire, the higher the spring stiffness.

3. Free Length and Compression Stroke

• Free length should be determined based on the required compression range in the application.

• Ensure sufficient travel to avoid excessive compression, which may cause permanent deformation.

4. Number of Coils and Coil Pitch

• Influence overall elasticity and deformation behavior.

• For longer travel requirements, a higher number of coils is recommended to increase flexibility.

5. Maximum Working Load and Compression Height

• Ensure that the stress under maximum compression does not exceed the material’s allowable limit to prevent failure.

6. Installation Space Constraints

• Confirm that the spring has adequate room to compress and expand during assembly.

• Consider guide mechanisms to prevent buckling or misalignment during operation.

7. Operating Environment

• For high temperature, corrosive, oily, or humid environments, choose appropriate materials and surface treatments (e.g., zinc plating, black oxide, rust preventive oil).

A shaft retaining ring is a type of fastener installed into a groove on the outside of a shaft to position or secure components and prevent axial movement. Depending on the structure and application, common types include:

E-rings: Easy to install, commonly used on small-diameter shafts.

S-type Snap Rings: Feature an open-ended design for installation into shaft grooves.

CT-type Retaining Rings: Structurally robust, suitable for heavy-load or high-speed applications.

Constant Section Rings: Uniform cross-section provides consistent and reliable retention force.

  The IR Series Internal Retaining Rings (Housing) is a type of retaining fastener installed in a groove inside a bore. It is used to secure components and prevent them from moving axially. The "IR" designation stands for "Internal Retaining ring", specifically designed for positioning within internal bores.

  IR Series Internal Retaining Rings (Housing) are installed into internal grooves of components and are mainly used to prevent axial movement. They are commonly found in various machinery, automotive applications, and electronic equipment.